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-{{template>:project:infobox| name=BSD| image=freebsd.jpg?200| sw=BSD| hw=BSD| founder=[[user:maxfx]]| interested=[[user:ruza]]\\ [[user:malanius]]\\ [[user:rainbof]]\\ [[user:ray]]\\ [[user:foonix]] | status=active }}
-~~META:
-status = active
-&relation firstimage = :project:freebsd.jpg
-~~
-====== BSD OS Systems ======
-====== FreeBSD ======
-**FreeBSD** is a freely available and open source implementation of the Berkeley version of the UNIX operating system.This system is in the same family of operating systems as Solaris, AIX, HP-UX, and Digital UNIX. The original UNIX operating system can trace its roots back to the 1960s. The designers of UNIX created a design so flexible and powerful that even 30 years later, UNIX (and thus FreeBSD as well) remains one of the most versatile, well-respected operating systems available. It runs on the following platforms: **AMD64, ARM, ARM64, I386, MIPS, PC98, PPC, SPARC, XBOX, RPI, PICO**. FreeBSD offers advanced networking, performance, security and compatibility features today which are still missing in other operating systems, even some of the best commercial ones.
-[[https://brmlab.cz/lib/exe/detail.php?id=project:freebsd:start&media=project:freebsd-boot-screen.png|{{:project:freebsd-boot-screen.png?800|}}]]
-====== Goals and ideas project ======
- * More information about FreeBSD OS.
- * More information about network layer
- * More information about kernel
- * Porting kernel for other unfriendly platforms
- * Porting or Run kernel for other unfriendly android mobile phones or tablets.
- * More desktops with BSD ! ....
-====== Derivates FreeBSD OS ======
-^  Derivate FreeBSD  ^  Use      ^  Link                                                                                        ^   ^
-| FreeBSD            | Easy use  | [[https://www.freebsd.org/|https://www.freebsd.org/]]                                        |   |
-| TrueOS / PCBSD     | Easy use  | [[https://www.trueos.org/|https://www.trueos.org/]]                                          |   |
-| GhostBSD           | Easy use  | [[http://www.ghostbsd.org/|http://www.ghostbsd.org/]]                                        |   |
-| DesktopBSD         | Easy use  | [[http://www.desktopbsd.net/|http://www.desktopbsd.net/]]                                    |   |
-| HardenedBSD        | Easy use  | [[https://hardenedbsd.org/|https://hardenedbsd.org/]]                                        |   |
-| MidnightBSD        | Easy use  | [[http://www.midnightbsd.org/|http://www.midnightbsd.org/]]                                  |   |
-| DragonFly          | Easy use  | [[https://www.dragonflybsd.org/|https://www.dragonflybsd.org/]]                              |   |
-| TrustedBSD         | Easy use  | [[http://www.trustedbsd.org/|http://www.trustedbsd.org/]]                                    |   |
-| Frenzy             | Easy use  | [[http://frenzy.org.ua/eng/|http://frenzy.org.ua/eng/]]                                      |   |
-| Debian FreeBSD     | Easy use  | [[https://wiki.debian.org/Debian_GNU/kFreeBSD|https://wiki.debian.org/Debian_GNU/kFreeBSD]]  |   |
-| Gentoo FreeBSD     | Easy use  | [[https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Gentoo_FreeBSD|https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Gentoo_FreeBSD]]  |   |
-| Raspbsd            | Easy use  | [[http://www.raspbsd.org/|http://www.raspbsd.org/]]                                          |   |
-| Freesbie           | Easy use  | [[http://www.freesbie.org/|http://www.freesbie.org/]]                                        |   |
-| MfsBSD             |           | http://mfsbsd.vx.sk/                                                                         |   |
-| True-Pico          |           | [[https://www.trueos.org/trueos-pico/|https://www.trueos.org/trueos-pico/]]                  |   |
-|                    |           |                                                                                              |   |
-\\
-====== Information about FreeBSD ======
-==== Comparing BSD and Linux ====
-[[https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/explaining-bsd/index.html | Explaining BSD]]
-[[https://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/articles/explaining-bsd/comparing-bsd-and-linux.html | Comparing BSD and linux]]
-==== For Beginner  ====
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YncqBz0bZcQ | How To Get a GUI In FreeBSD - Beginner Class]]
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MZaZjK-cOYc | FreeBSD 11.1 Installation + GNOME Desktop + Apps + Guest Additions on Oracle VirtualBox [2017] ]]
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qKQFIPent8o | FreeBSD 11.1 Installation + XFCE Desktop + Apps + Guest Additions on Oracle VirtualBox [2017]  ]]
-[[https://websetnet.com/how-to-install-freebsd-10-2-with-mate-desktop/ | FreeBSD Installation + MATE Desktop + UFS]]
-==== FreeBSD is not Windows ===
-[[http://vtbsd.net/notwindows.html]]
-==== FreeBSD Myth (For linux users) ====
-[[https://wiki.freebsd.org/Myths|https://wiki.freebsd.org/Myths]]
-[[https://www.freebsd.org/advocacy/myths.html#closed-model]]
-==== FreeBSD features ====
-[[https://www.freebsd.org/features.html]]
-==== FreeBSD tips and tricks ====
-[[https://calomel.org/freebsd_network_tuning.html | FreeBSD network tuning]]
-[[https://calomel.org/network_performance.html | Network performance]]
-[[https://cooltrainer.org/a-freebsd-desktop-howto/]]
-[[http://www.packetwatch.net/documents/guides/2008030201.php]]
-[[https://home.nuug.no/~peter/pf/en/|Firewalling with OpenBSD's PF packet filter]]
-[[https://www.freebsdnews.com/2017/07/18/building-bsd-home-router-pt-4-installing-pfsense/ | Building-bsd-home-router-pt-4-installing-pfsense/]]
-[[https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/a-comparative-introduction-to-freebsd-for-linux-users | comparative-introduction-to-freebsd-for-linux-users ]]
-[[http://truelogic.org/wordpress/2015/09/24/freebsd-how-to-clean-and-rebuild-all-ports-with-portmaster/|How to clean and rebuild all ports with Portmaster]]
-[[http://www.wonkity.com/~wblock/docs/html/disksetup.html]]
-[[http://www.freebsdmadeeasy.com/tutorials/freebsd/schedule-tasks-with-crontab.php| schedule-tasks-with-crontab]]
-[[http://blog.up-link.ro/how-to-set-up-a-freebsd-router-step-by-step-tutorial/ | Freebsd router step by step]]
-[[https://unixblogger.com/2011/10/18/the-pain-of-an-realtek-rtl8111rtl8168-ethernet-card/ | The pain of a Realtek (RTL8111/RTL8168) ethernet card]]
-[[http://blog.ataboydesign.com/2014/04/23/freebsd-10-mounting-usb-drive-with-ext4-filesystem/ | Mounting drive with ext4 filesystem]]
-[[https://www.garron.me/en/bits/change-permissions-recursively.html | Change permissions]]
-[[https://unrelenting.technology/articles/freebsd-on-the-thinkpad-x240 | Freebsd on the Thinkpad x240]]
-==== FreeBSD Video ====
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wwbO4eTieQY | FreeBSD: Not a Linux Distro, George Neville-Neil   ]]
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ps67ECyh0sM | FreeBSD is not a Linux distribution: Philip Paes]]
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nwbqBdghh6E | FreeBSD Kernel Internals, Dr. Marshall Kirk McKusick ]]
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UfiTV9QWhM4 | An Overview of Locking in the FreeBSD Kernel - Kirk McKusick, EuroBSDcon 2012 ]]
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E04LxKiu79I | An Overview of Security in the FreeBSD Kernel, Dr. Marshall Kirk McKusick ]]
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ds77e3aO9nA | A Narrative History of BSD, Dr. Kirk McKusick]]
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_oWcfUt9QUs | Systems, Science and FreeBSD, George Neville-Neil]]
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cofKxtIO3Is | Convincing a Linux guy to use FreeBSD :-) ]]
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ib7tFvw34DM | The Trouble with FreeBSD ]]
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=D-iKNtfBySg | The Realities of DTrace on FreeBSD, by George Neville Neil (EuroBSDcon 2017)]]
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WnCClGMzB58 | Tuning FreeBSD for routing and firewalling, by Olivier Cochard-Labbé (EuroBSDcon 2017)]]
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NMUf6VGK2fI | Brian Kidney: The Realities of DTrace on FreeBSD - BSDCan 2017 ]]
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XnO4S7kb7vg | What is FreeBSD by Gavin Atkinson]]
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A5rmG2j4Lk8 | Case Study: Switching from Linux to FreeBSD ]]
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mri66Uz6-8Y | Jordan Hubbard - FreeBSD: The Next 10 Years]]
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TneLO5TdW_M | Rick Reed - WhatsApp: Half a billion unsuspecting FreeBSD users]]
-==== FreeBSD Video ZFS ====
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8f9TREeqb5o | An introduction to the implementation of ZFS by Kirk McKusick]]
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IQp_FglfzUQ | ZFS Internals Overview by Kirk McKusick ]]
-==== FreeBSD Video ASIANBSDCON 2018 ====
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e1B_6iGY2lU | P01A: Institutionalizing FreeBSD Isolated and Virtualized Hosts -- Michael Dexter]]
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SLlzep0IxVY | P02A: Tuning FreeBSD for routing and firewalling -- Olivier Cochard Labbe]]
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bwbLuQDoxuQ | P03A: PC BSD evolves into TrueOS - Kris Moore]]
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y5cx9hEhxfE | P04A: FreeBSD ARM32ARM64 Porting to a new board - Emmanuel Vadot]]
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NeJ2ztPasso | P05A: Profiling the FreeBSD kernel boot -- Colin Percival]]
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FzF9e4jrnJ4 | P06A: Role based Access Control in BCHS Web Applications -- Kristaps Dzonsons]]
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vOVoylirkUU | P07A: OpenBSD/x-ray: OpenBSD on medical x-ray machines -- Henning Brauer]]
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bBLSvTQY7xw | P08A: Improving netdump hardware support and performance with iflib -- Sam Gwydir]]
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9mOFFovdAw0 | P09A: Introducing FreeBSD VPC -- Sean Chittenden]]
-[[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lcrnXQ7xp7k | AsiaBSDCon 2018 Work in Progress Session and Closing]]
-==== FreeBSD Kernel Porting ====
-[[https://www.bidouilliste.com/blog/2015/11/27/Porting-FreeBSD-to-a-new-ARM-Board-Part-1/]]
-[[https://www.bidouilliste.com/blog/2015/11/27/Porting-FreeBSD-to-a-new-ARM-Board-Part-2/]]
-[[https://www.bidouilliste.com/blog/2015/11/27/Porting-FreeBSD-to-a-new-ARM-Board-Part-3/]]
-[[https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-and-manage-ports-on-freebsd-10-1]]
-[[https://bsdimp.blogspot.cz/2007/10/building-bootable-freebsdi386-images.html]]
-[[https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/research/security/ctsrd/pdfs/201403-asiabsdcon2014-freebsd-smp-boot.pdf]]
-[[https://www.bsdcan.org/2008/schedule/attachments/49_2008_uboot_freebsd.pdf]]
-[[http://www.strugglingcoder.info/index.php/category/freebsd/]]
-[[http://www.isysop.com/unpacking-and-repacking-u-boot-uimage-files/]]
-[[https://github.com/bitboss-ca/freebsd-arm-tools]]
-[[http://blog.khubla.com/freebsd/building-u-boot-for-chromebook]]
-[[http://www.nikoopour.com/2015/03/]]
-[[https://raybsd.blogspot.cz/2012/12/]]
-[[http://distkeys.com/blog/2014/08/03/inside-freebsd/ ]]
-==== FreeBSD Kernel for beringer ====
-[[https://bsdmag.org/basic-unix-queuing-techniques/]]
-[[https://bsdmag.org/unix-kernel-system-calls/]]
-[[https://bsdmag.org/dynamic-memory-allocation-unix-systems/]]
-==== FreeBSD Port ====
-[[https://networking.ringofsaturn.com/Unix/createportpatch.php| Creating a FreeBSD Port Patch]]
-==== FreeBSD Jails ====
-[[https://clinta.github.io/freebsd-jails-the-hard-way/]]
-[[https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/howto-setup-freebsd-jail-with-ezjail/]]
-[[https://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/how-to-install-and-configure-jails-on-freenas-corral-10/]]
-[[https://gundersen.net/32bit-jail-on-64bit-freebsd/]]
-[[https://medium.com/chris-opperwall/quick-jail-updating-in-freebsd-f7c6bb52c6de]]
-[[https://www.kirkg.us/posts/how-to-configure-a-freebsd-jail-on-a-digital-ocean-droplet/]]
-==== How to build package ====
-=== Poudriere ===
-[[https://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/ports-poudriere.html | Building Packages with Poudriere]]
-[[https://github.com/freebsd/poudriere/wiki | Poudriere wiki]]
-=== Making new port ===
-[[http://www.freebsd.cz/doc/en/books/porters-handbook/own-port.html | Making a New Port]]
-==== How to Become a FreeBSD Committer ====
-[[https://wiki.freebsd.org/BecomingACommitter | How to Become a FreeBSD Committer]]
-==== FreeBSD Sound ====
-[[https://wiki.jriver.com/index.php/Mixing]]
-[[https://people.freebsd.org/~ariff/SOUND_4.TXT.html]]
-==== Steam on FreeBSD ====
-[[https://github.com/SteamOnFreeBSD/SteamOnFreeBSD | Steam on FreeBSD]]
-==== FreeBSD as Bitcoin Full Node ====
-[[https://bsdmag.org/5374-2/]]
-==== Avoiding Linuxisms ====
-[[https://wiki.freebsd.org/AvoidingLinuxisms]]
-==== Quick start for Linux users ====
-[[http://www.freebsd.cz/doc/en/articles/linux-users/article.html|http://www.freebsd.cz/doc/en/articles/linux-users/article.html]]
-^ Purpose                                 | FreeBSD command      ^ Linux® command (Red Hat)  ^ Linux® command (Debian)  ^
-| Install package from remote repository  | pkg install package  | yum install package       | apt-get install package  |
-|  Install local package                  | pkg add package      | rpm -ivh package          | dpkg -i package          |
-|  List installed packages                | pkg info             | rpm -qa                   | dpkg -l                  |
-|  List PCI devices                       | pciconf              | lspci                     | lspci                    |
-|  List loaded kernel modules             | kldstat              | lsmod                     | lsmod                    |
-|  Load/Unload kernel modules             | kldload / kldunload  | modprobe                  | modprobe                 |
-|  Trace system calls                     | truss                | strace                    | strace                   |
-==== FreeBSD handbook ====
-{{ :project:freebsd:book.pdf | FreeBSD handbook}}
-[[https://wiki.freebsd.org/ZFSTuningGuide | ZFS Tuninig guide]]
-==== Support Laptops ====
-[[https://wiki.freebsd.org/Laptops|https://wiki.freebsd.org/Laptops]]
-==== Tuning Power Laptops ====
-[[https://wiki.freebsd.org/TuningPowerConsumption]]
-====== First step after installation FreeBSD ======
-The first step after installation system is good download security patches for the operating system
-and download new files for operating system and install.
-<code>
-freebsd-update fetch install
-shutdown -r now
-</code>
-Next step is to update ports collection for the operating system.
-for updating information for FreeBSD ports developers is /usr/ports/CHANGES
-<code>
-portsnap auto
-or
-portsnap fetch
-portsnap extract
-</code>
-Update ports is east command
-<code>
-portsnap fetch update
-</code>
-Security audit for package and FreeBSD
-<code>
-pkg audit -F
-</code>
-====== Apply security patches FreeBSD update, upgrade ======
-==== Apply security patches ====
-<code>
-freebsd-update fetch
-freebsd-update install
-</code>
-==== Upgrade FreeBSD ====
-<code>
-freebsd-update fetch
-freebsd-update upgrade -r 11.0-RELEASE or other version
-freebsd-update install
-</code>
-====== Desktop Environments ======
-FreeBSD has several desktop environments - Xfce4, Mate, Gnome3, Cinnamon, KDE, Lumina
-==== How install Mate desktop ====
-<code>
-pkg install mate-desktop mate xorg slim
-</code>
-Enable components for kernel in etc/rc.conf
-You need enable this component:
-<code>
-zfs_enable="YES"  - if you use ZFS file system
-hald_enable="YES"
-dbus_enable="YES"
-slim_enable="YES"
-</code>
-if you want to enable crash dump, if don't you write "NO"
-<code>
-dumpdev="AUTO"
-</code>
-Next step is create file .xinitrc in /root/ and /home/user/ with command
-<code>
-exec mate-session
-</code>
-  and reboot.
-==== How install Xfce desktop ====
-<code>
-pkg install xfce4-desktop xfce xorg slim
-</code>
-Enable components for kernel in etc/rc.conf
-You need to run desktop
-<code>
-zfs_enable="YES"  - if you use ZFS file system
-hald_enable="YES"
-dbus_enable="YES"
-slim_enable="YES"
-</code>
-if you want to enable crash dump, if don't you write "NO"
-<code>
-dumpdev="AUTO"
-</code>
-Next step is create file .xinitrc in /root/ and /home/user/ with command
-<code>
-exec startxfce4
-</code>
-  and reboot.
-==== How to set slim theme ====
-<code>
-# pkg install slim-themes
-# cd /usr/local/share/slim/themes
-# fetch http://daemon-notes.com/downloads/assets/themes/slim-freebsd.tar.bz2
-# tar jxvf slim-freebsd.tar.bz2
-# rm slim-freebsd.tar.bz2
-Edit and set /usr/local/etc/slim.conf
-#current_theme       default
-current_theme       freebsd
-</code>
-==== Optimus on Freebsd ====
-Comment out Nvidia-related parts from your [[ https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?xorg.conf | xorg.conf ]]:
-<code>
-...
-Section "Device"
-    Identifier  "Card0"
-    Driver      "intel"
-    BusID       "PCI:0:2:0"
-EndSection
-#Section "Device"
-#   Identifier  "Card1"
-#   Driver      "nvidia"
-#   BusID       "PCI:1:0:0"
-#EndSection
-...
-</code>
-Then add the following bits to [[ https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?rc.conf | rc.conf(5) ]]:
-<code>
-kld_list='i915kms'
-</code>
-==== NTPD ====
-==== NTPD synchronize ====
-<code>
-ntpdate_enable="YES"
-ntpdate_hosts="in.pool.ntp.org"
-</code>
-Or manually update time and date
-<WRAP center round important 60%>
-securelevel on 2 then you cannot set time only about second.
-</WRAP>
-<code>
-ntpdate -b pool.ntp.org
-sudo service ntpd start
-</code>
-==== Disable Beep ====
-<code>
-# sysctl hw.syscons.bell=0
-# reboot
-</code>
-or if you use XFCE
-<code>
-set bell-style none
-</code>
-==== Enable sudo ====
-You must edit sudoers file
-<code>
-visudo
-</code>
-==== Change standard shell to fish ====
-You must add line in /etc/shells for example fish shell
-<code>
-/usr/local/bin/fish
-</code>
-Change shell and path your favorite shell
-<code>
-chsh -s /usr/local/bin/fish
-</code>
-=== Aliases ===
-[[http://bin63.com/cool-bash-aliases-for-freebsd | Cool aliases ]]
-=== Paths for shell ===
-If you need PATH for example compiler or some options
-<code>
-# ASAN settings
-set -x ASAN_SYMBOLIZER_PATH /usr/local/llvm50/bin/llvm-symbolizer
-set -x ASAN_OPTIONS verbosity=1
-set -x ASAN_OPTIONS symbolize=1
-set -x ASAN_OPTIONS detect_stack_use_after_scope=1
-# UBSAN settings
-set -x UBSAN_SYMBOLIZER_PATH /usr/local/llvm50/bin/llvm-symbolizer
-set -x UBSAN_OPTIONS verbosity=2
-# MSAN
-set -x MSAN_SYMBOLIZER_PATH /usr/local/llvm50/bin/llvm-symbolizer
-set -x MSAN_OPTIONS fsanitize-memory-track-origins=2
-set -x MSAN_OPTIONS verbosity=2
-set -x MSAN_OPTIONS symbolize=1
-</code>
-==== Nano tuning ====
-<code>
-set constantshow
-set smooth
-set autoindent
-set casesensitive
-set historylog
-set morespace
-syntax "comments" ".*"
-color blue "^#.*"
-## nanorc files
-include "/usr/local/share/nano/asm.nanorc"
-include "/usr/local/share/nano/awk.nanorc"
-include "/usr/local/share/nano/c.nanorc"
-include "/usr/local/share/nano/cmake.nanorc"
-include "/usr/local/share/nano/css.nanorc"
-include "/usr/local/share/nano/debian.nanorc"
-include "/usr/local/share/nano/fortran.nanorc"
-include "/usr/local/share/nano/gentoo.nanorc"
-include "/usr/local/share/nano/groff.nanorc"
-include "/usr/local/share/nano/html.nanorc"
-include "/usr/local/share/nano/java.nanorc"
-include "/usr/local/share/nano/makefile.nanorc"
-include "/usr/local/share/nano/man.nanorc"
-include "/usr/local/share/nano/mgp.nanorc"
-include "/usr/local/share/nano/mutt.nanorc"
-include "/usr/local/share/nano/nanorc.nanorc"
-include "/usr/local/share/nano/objc.nanorc"
-include "/usr/local/share/nano/ocaml.nanorc"
-include "/usr/local/share/nano/patch.nanorc"
-include "/usr/local/share/nano/perl.nanorc"
-include "/usr/local/share/nano/php.nanorc"
-include "/usr/local/share/nano/pov.nanorc"
-include "/usr/local/share/nano/python.nanorc"
-include "/usr/local/share/nano/ruby.nanorc"
-include "/usr/local/share/nano/sh.nanorc"
-include "/usr/local/share/nano/tcl.nanorc"
-include "/usr/local/share/nano/tex.nanorc"
-include "/usr/local/share/nano/xml.nanorc"
-</code>
-==== Mount Devices ====
-==== Mount msdosfs ====
-<code>
-# ls /dev/da*
-# mount_msdosfs /dev/da0 /media/usb
-</code>
-==== Mount ext2/ext3/ext4 ====
-Fuse-ext2 mounts an ext2/ext3/ext4 partition or image file
-For control kernels fuse modules is command:
-<code>
-kldstat
-</code>
-If you don't have fuse.ko module in the kernel
-you use this command
-<code>
-kldload fuse
-</code>
-Then mount your partition
-<code>
-fuse-ext2  /dev/your_partition /media/
-</code>
-==== Mount NTFS ====
-For mounting ntfs file system you must kernel module loaded.
-For control kernels fuse modules is command:
-<code>
-kldstat
-</code>
-and load FUSE kernel module:
-<code>
-kldload fuse
-</code>
-and then you can mount ntfs filesystem.
-<code>
-# ls /dev/da*
-# ntfs-3g  /dev/your_partition  /mnt/
-</code>
-==== Automounting Removable Media ====
-Uncomment in config file in /etc/auto_master
-<code>
-/media		-media		-nosuid
-</code>
-Add lines to /etc/devd.conf
-<code>
-notify 100 {
-	match "system" "GEOM";
-	match "subsystem" "DEV";
-	action "/usr/sbin/automount -c";
-};
-</code>
-Reload service
-<code>
-service automount reload
-service devd restart
-</code>
-and added configuration /etc/rc.conf
-<code>
-autofs_enable="YES"
-</code>
-======  Portmaster ======
-<code>
-portmaster -L - Check all update for ports
-portmaster -a - Upgrade ports
-portmaster -af - Rebuild of installed application
-</code>
-======  Debug ports ======
-Just put the following in /etc/make.conf and then recompile the ports
-you want to include debug symbols:
-<code>
-WITH_DEBUG=	yes
-</code>
-more information
-<code>
-/usr/ports/Mk/bsd.port.mk
-</code>
-====== Compiling programs ======
-==== Python3, Py3-QT5 ====
-First thing is to add version python to /etc/make.conf .If you haven't this file you must create.
-This conf file is for every compilation in system.
-<code>
-DEFAULT_VERSIONS+= python=3.5 python3=3.5
-</code>
-Next step is compile with default version python3.5
-<code>
-sudo portmaster python3
-</code>
-===== How to setup MYSQL Database =====
-The first step is the installation
-<code>
-sudo pkg install mysql56-server
-</code>
-next step is enable in /etc/rc.conf
-<code>
-sudo sysrc mysql_enable=yes
-</code>
-Remember to run mysql_upgrade the first time you start the MySQL server after an upgrade from an earlier version.
-Now start MYSQL Server
-<code>
-sudo service mysql-server start
-</code>
-then set database
-<code>
-sudo mysql_secure_installation
-</code>
-====== Jails =====
-Simple script for create jail on zfs filesystem
-<code bash>
-#!/bin/sh
-########################################################################
-# Donwload i386 base, ports tree FreeBSD OS
-# and unpack base OS to your jail folder
-########################################################################
-name_jail="freebsd386"
-arch_jail="i386"
-# Create new zfs dataset for jail - only once
-#zfs create -o mountpoint=/usr/local/jails zroot/jails
-# Create jail folder
-zfs create zroot/jails/$name_jail
-rm /tmp/base.txz
-rm /tmp/ports.txz
-echo "Fetching package from FreeBSD server ..."
-fetch ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/$arch_jail/11.1-RELEASE/base.txz -o /tmp/base.txz
-fetch ftp://ftp.freebsd.org/pub/FreeBSD/releases/$arch_jail/11.1-RELEASE/ports.txz -o /tmp/ports.txz
-mkdir /usr/local/jails/$name_jail
-echo "Unpacking Freebsd base OS ..."
-tar -xf /tmp/base.txz -C /usr/local/jails/$name_jail
-tar -xf /tmp/ports.txz -C /usr/local/jails/$name_jail
-cp /etc/resolv.conf /usr/local/jails/$name_jail/etc
-echo "Done"
-</code>
-/etc/jail.conf
-<code>
-# /etc/jail.conf
-# Global settings applied to all jails.
-exec.start = "/bin/sh /etc/rc";
-exec.stop = "/bin/sh /etc/rc.shutdown";
-exec.clean;
-mount.devfs;
-# The jail definition for freebsd386
-freebsd386 {
-    host.hostname = "freebsd386.domain.local";
-    path = "/usr/local/jails/freebsd386";
-    interface = "lagg0";
-    ip4.addr = 10.0.2.15;
-}
-</code>
-Packet forwarding
-<code>
-#Define the interfaces
-ext_if = "em0"
-int_if = "lagg0"
-jail_net = $int_if:network
-#Define the NAT for the jails
-nat on $ext_if from $jail_net to any -> ($ext_if)
-</code>
-Run jail
-<code>
-bsd@ ~> sudo jail -c freebsd386
-bsd@ ~> jls
-bsd@ ~> sudo jail -m jid=28 allow.raw_sockets=1
-</code>
-====== ZFS =====
-===== Mount ZFS =====
-<code>
-zpool import
-</code>
-For control command mount.
-===== Mount ZFS from Live CD =====
-<code>
-zpool import -fR /media zroot
-</code>
-===== Tuning zfs on i386 ====
-If you will have i386 OS you must set wm.kmem_size="512M" and vm.kmem_size_max="" is minimal value.
-This is little tunables
-more information on http://www.freebsd.cz/doc/handbook/zfs-advanced.html
-<code>
-vfs.zfs.prefetch_disable=0
-vm.kmem_size="512M"
-vm.kmem_size_max="768M"
-vfs.zfs.arc_max="40M"
-vfs.zfs.vdev.cache.size="5M"
-</code>
-===== Resize partition =====
-We added space for virtual disk (VirtualBox, or other)
-but we have disk CORRUPT
-<code>
-lol@ ~/> gpart show ada0
-=>      40  41942960  ada0  GPT  (39G) [CORRUPT]
-      1024     1  freebsd-boot  (512K)
-       984        - free -  (492K)
-   4194304     2  freebsd-swap  (2.0G)
-   4196352  37744640     3  freebsd-zfs  (18G)
-  41940992      2008        - free -  (1.0M)
-</code>
-Fix is easy :
-<code>
-gpart recover ada0
-</code>
-Now we need resize partion 3.
-<code>
-lol@ ~/> gpart show
-=>      40  81919920  ada0  GPT  (39G)
-      1024     1  freebsd-boot  (512K)
-       984        - free -  (492K)
-   4194304     2  freebsd-swap  (2.0G)
-   4196352  37744640     3  freebsd-zfs  (18G)
-  41940992  39978968        - free -  (19G)
-</code>
-<code>
-lol@ ~/> zpool list
-NAME    SIZE  ALLOC   FREE  EXPANDSZ   FRAG    CAP  DEDUP  HEALTH  ALTROOT
-zroot  17.9G  17.3G   621M         -    76%    96%  1.00x  ONLINE  -
-</code>
-For device is Busy , we have set this value:
-<code>
-lol@ ~/> sysctl kern.geom.debugflags=16
-kern.geom.debugflags: 0 -> 16
-</code>
-Now resize partition number 3
-<code>
-lol@ ~/> gpart show
-=>      40  81919920  ada0  GPT  (39G)
-      1024     1  freebsd-boot  (512K)
-       984        - free -  (492K)
-   4194304     2  freebsd-swap  (2.0G)
-   4196352  37744640     3  freebsd-zfs  (18G)
-  41940992  39978968        - free -  (19G)
-lol@ ~/> sudo gpart resize -i 3 ada0
-ada0p3 resized
-lol@ ~/> gpart show
-=>      40  81919920  ada0  GPT  (39G)
-      1024     1  freebsd-boot  (512K)
-       984        - free -  (492K)
-   4194304     2  freebsd-swap  (2.0G)
-   4196352  77723608     3  freebsd-zfs  (37G)
-</code>
-Last step with zfs pool:
-<code>
-lol@ ~/> sudo zpool set autoexpand=on zroot
-lol@ ~/> sudo zpool online -e zroot ada0p3 ada0p3
-</code>
-Control space in zpool.Size of zroot is right.
-<code>
-lol@ ~/> zpool list
-NAME    SIZE  ALLOC   FREE  EXPANDSZ   FRAG    CAP  DEDUP  HEALTH  ALTROOT
-zroot    37G  17.3G  19.7G         -    36%    46%  1.00x  ONLINE  -
-</code>
-<code>
-lol@ ~/Desktop> sudo sysctl kern.geom.debugflags=0
-kern.geom.debugflags: 16 -> 0
-</code>
-====== Virtualbox ======
-===== Virtuabox in FreeBSD =====
-Added line with kernel module to /boot/loader.conf
-<code>
-vboxdrv_load="YES"
-</code>
-Added line for bridged or host-only networking to /etc/rc.conf
-<code>
-vboxnet_enable="YES"
-</code>
-Added to group
-<code>
-pw groupmod vboxusers -m yourusername
-chown root:vboxusers /dev/vboxnetctl
-chmod 0660 /dev/vboxnetctl
-</code>
-Permanent permisions added lines to /etc/devfs.conf
-<code>
-own     vboxnetctl root:vboxusers
-perm    vboxnetctl 0660
-</code>
-===== FreeBSD as guest Virtualbox =====
-Write to /etc/rc.conf
-<code>
-vboxguest_enable="YES"
-vboxservice_enable="YES"
-</code>
-======  Wifi and FreeBSD  ======
-===== How to setup WIFI card =====
-<code>
-pciconf -l - look for if see wifi hardware
-sudo ifconfig wlan0 create wlandev wpi0
-sudo wpa_supplicant -i wlan0 -c /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf
-</code>
-===== How to setup USB WIFI =====
-Add kernel module to /boot/loader.conf
-<code>
-# Kenel drives for wifi
-if_ath_load="YES"
-if_iw_load="YES"
-# Next wifi modules
-wlan_wep_load="YES"
-wlan_ccmp_load="YES"
-wlan_tkip_load="YES"
-</code>
-Add to configure /etc/rc.conf this lines.
-Configure you wifi device.
-<code>
-wlans_run0="wlan0"
-create_args_wlan0="wlanmode sta country CZ mtu 1500 indoor"
-</code>
-Look to your hardware if you have drivers.
-<code>
-# Look for if see wifi hardware (wpi, run0)
-pciconf -l
-# Create a device with name wlan0
-sudo ifconfig wlan0 create wlandev wpi0
-# Create wpa_supplicant configure file with ssid network
-sudo wpa_supplicant -i wlan0 -c /etc/wpa_supplicant.conf
-# Scan your wifi networks
-ifconfig wlan0 up scan
-SSID/MESH ID    BSSID              CHAN RATE   S:N     INT CAPS
-lol        00:13:46:49:41:76   11   54M -90:96   100 EPS  WPA WME
-trololo    00:11:95:c3:0d:ac    1   54M -83:96   100 EPS  WPA
-# IP address from DHCP server
-sudo dhclient wlan0
-</code>
-====== GELI ======
-<code>
-Install CD -> Partition -> Shell
-gpart create -s gpt vtbd0
-gpart add -t freebsd-boot -s 512k -a 4k vtbd0
-gpart add -t freebsd-ufs -a 1M vtbd0
-gpart bootcode -b /boot/pmbr -p /boot/gptboot -i 1 vtbd0
-geli init -b -g vtbd0p2
-geli attach vtbd0p2
-newfs -j /dev/vtbd0p2.eli
-mount /dev/vtbd0p2.eli /mnt
-- /tmp/bsdinstall_etc/fstab
-/dev/vtbd0p2.eli / ufs rw,noatime 1 1
-- /tmp/bsdinstall_boot/loader.conf
-geom_eli_load="YES"
-exit (installer will continue)
-Change  /dev/vtbd0p2.eli to gptid/rawuuid (gpart list):
-/dev/gptid/015ceb9a-90a4-11e6-b8fc-1392a9ed1847 / ufs rw,noatime 1 1
-</code>
-====== FreeBSD Kernel ======
-=== Source code FreeBSD kernel ===
-<code>
-sudo pkg install subversion
-sudo svn checkout https://svn0.us-east.FreeBSD.org/base/stable/you_version_system /usr/src
-svn up /usr/src
-</code>
-=== Profiling and debugging kernel ===
-{{ :project:freebsd:profiling_debugging_freebsd_kernel_321772.pdf |}}
-=== Performance observality tools ===
-{{:project:freebsd:freebsd_performance_observability_tools.png?600|}}
-}===== Kernel module =====
-<code>
-Simple kernel module.
-https://github.com/Martinfx/FreeBSD-Kernel-module
-</code>
-====== FreeBSD Security ======
-===== Security on FreeBSD =====
-To check the status of the securelevel on a running system: Add to /etc/sysctl.conf
-<code>
-kern.securelevel=2
-security.bsd.see_other_uids=0
-security.bsd.stack_guard_page=1
-net.inet.ip.random_id=1
-</code>
-more : [[http://www.freebsd.cz/doc/faq/security.html|http://www.freebsd.cz/doc/faq/security.html]]
-===== Enabling and Utilizing Process Accounting =====
-Tracking information such as CPU statistics and executed commands.
-<code>
-touch /var/account/acct
-chmod 600 /var/account/acct
-accton /var/account/acct
-echo 'accounting_enable="YES"' >> /etc/rc.conf
-</code>
-======  ACPI ======
-===== IBM ACPI =====
-If you use notebooks, is better enable acpi driver in /boot/loader.conf For IBM notebooks is command:
-<code>
-acpi_ibm_load="YES"
-</code>
-===== HP ACPI =====
-If you use notebooks, is better enable acpi driver in /boot/loader.conf For HP notebooks is command:
-<code>
-acpi_hp_load="YES"
-</code>
-More : [[https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?acpi_ibm|https://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?acpi_ibm]]
-====== Linux® Binary Compatibility ======
-<code>
-# kldload linux
-# kldload linux64
-# kldstat - you can look for modules
-   72 0xffffffff80200000 1fa7c38  kernel
-    1 0xffffffff821a9000 30aec0   zfs.ko
-    2 0xffffffff824b4000 adc0     opensolaris.ko
-    1 0xffffffff824bf000 231f8    if_urtw.ko
-    1 0xffffffff82621000 4fac     ng_ubt.ko
-    5 0xffffffff82626000 befc     netgraph.ko
-    1 0xffffffff82632000 a58f     ng_hci.ko
-    3 0xffffffff8263d000 107c     ng_bluetooth.ko
-    1 0xffffffff8263f000 2a05     uhid.ko
-    1 0xffffffff82642000 3710     ums.ko
-    1 0xffffffff82646000 677b     u3g.ko
-    1 0xffffffff8264d000 53df     ucom.ko
-    1 0xffffffff82653000 d57d     ng_l2cap.ko
-    1 0xffffffff82661000 1b187    ng_btsocket.ko
-    1 0xffffffff8267d000 393d     ng_socket.ko
-    1 0xffffffff82681000 978bd    i915kms.ko
-    1 0xffffffff82719000 55180    drm2.ko
-    4 0xffffffff8276f000 26e8     iicbus.ko
-    1 0xffffffff82772000 1c75     iic.ko
-    1 0xffffffff82774000 1e70     iicbb.ko
-    1 0xffffffff82776000 3de40    linux.ko
-    2 0xffffffff827b4000 7b08     linux_common.ko
-    1 0xffffffff827bc000 389f4    linux64.ko
-and add line to /etc/rc.conf:
-linux_enable="YES"
-</code>
-====== Troubleshooting with FreeBSD ======
-===== SSH =====
-==== Too many authentication failures ====
-If You are not able to authenticate via ssh and message "Too many authentication failures" is logged in /var/log/auth.log you probably have more than 2 keys loaded in your ssh agent that are failing to authenticate. To solve this unload keys you are not using from ssh agent (ssh-add -d path/ ssh-add -D), use ssh -i path_to_key or create an appropriate section in your ~/.ssh/config with IdentityFile.
-===== BOOT on FreeBSD =====
- ==== Fatal double fault FreeBSD 10.3 - i386 , FreeBSD 11 - i386  ====
-{{:project:freebsd:img_20170101_174458_hdr.jpg?600|}}
-The fatal double fault is a problem on FreeBSD - i386 with ZFS file system.
-As described in /usr/src/UPDATING entry 20121223, rebuilding the kernel with options KSTACK_PAGES=4 has been observed to resolve the boot-time crash.
-This, however, is not an ideal solution for inclusion in the GENERIC kernel configuration, as increasing KSTACK_PAGES
-implicitly decreases available usermode threads in an environment that is already resource-starved.
-You must do this steps for new kernel:
-<code>
-# mkdir -p /usr/src
-# svnlite co svn://svn.freebsd.org/base/releng/10.2 /usr/src
-# make -C /usr/src kernel-toolchain
-# printf "include GENERIC\noptions KSTACK_PAGES=4\n" > /usr/src/sys/i386/conf/ZFS
-# make -C /usr/src buildkernel KERNCONF=ZFS
-# make -C /usr/src installkernel KERNCONF=ZFS
-</code>
-For FreeBSD 10.3 - More information on page https://www.freebsd.org/releases/10.3R/errata.html
-For FreeBSD 11.0 - More information on page https://www.freebsd.org/releases/11.0R/errata.html
-==== How to boot from live CD ====
-If you have a problem with boot on FreeBSD and cannot run the system.
-{{:project:freebsd:img_20170101_174458_hdr.jpg?600|}}
-Back to FreeBSD menu and choose option 3. ( Escape to loader prompt )
-For help in command line is command help or ? (list of commands )
-help set are options for the command set
-{{:project:freebsd:img_20170102_192147_hdr.jpg?600|}}
-For boot from CD is commnad
-<code>
-set boot_cdrom (for mount filesystem)
-boot
-</code>
-{{:project:freebsd:img_20170105_201210_hdr.jpg?600|}}
-Look for a mounted filesystem with command mount.If you haven't zfs filesystem mounted you must run command and connect zpool :
-<code>
-zpool import -f zroot
-</code>